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SIGNING AS A
CONSCIOUS ACT

Signing a transaction is an act of sovereignty.

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A Sovereign Signing Device is a device that ensures every cryptographic signature is:

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  • Understood

  • Verified

  • Consciously authorized by the user

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Cuvex is designed so that signing is never automatic, invisible, or delegated to connected software.

CUVEX_PSBT.png

THE PROBLEM OF
DELEGATED SIGNING

In most current wallets:

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  • The transaction is prepared and signed within the same flow

  • The user places trust in the application

  • The signature occurs implicitly

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This reduces friction, but it removes sovereignty.

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AUTOMATIC SIGNING VS. SOVEREIGN SIGNING

AUTOMATIC SIGNING

  • Prioritizes UX

  • Hides critical details

  • Relies on software and backend infrastructure

SOVEREIGN SIGNING

  • Separates transaction preparation from signing

  • Requires human verification

  • Occurs offline

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Cuvex implements this second model.

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PSBT AS THE CORE OF SOVEREIGNTY

PSBT (Partially Signed Bitcoin Transactions) enable:

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  • Preparing transactions without private keys

  • Reviewing inputs, outputs, and fees

  • Signing in an isolated environment

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Cuvex uses PSBT as a core standard, not as a secondary feature.

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MANDATORY HUMAN VERIFICATION

Every signature on Cuvex requires:

 

  • Visual confirmation on the device screen

  • An explicit physical action

  • Understanding the context of the transaction

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Signing is always a conscious act.

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